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LOGO: Journal of Cotton Science

 

Second Stage Lint Cleaning System Particulate Emission Factors for Cotton Gins: Particle Size Distribution Characteristics

Authors: J. Clif Boykin, Michael D. Buser, Derek P. Whitelock, and Gregory A. Holt
Pages: 440-452
Engineering and Ginning

This report is part of a project to characterize cotton gin emissions from the standpoint of total particulate stack sampling and particle size analyses. In 2006 and again in 2013, the United States (U.S.) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a more stringent National Ambient Air Quality Standard for particulate matter with nominal diameter less than or equal to 2.5 µm (PM2.5). This created an urgent need to collect additional cotton gin emissions data to address current regulatory issues, because EPA AP-42 cotton gin PM2.5 emission factors were limited. In addition, current EPA AP-42 included combined lint cleaner PM10 (particulate matter with nominal diameter less than or equal to 10 µm) and total particulate emission factors and not individual lint cleaner emission factors. The objective of this study was to characterize particulate emissions for 2nd stage lint cleaning systems from cotton gins across the cotton belt based on particle size distribution analysis of total particulate samples from EPA-approved stack sampling methods. Average measured PM2.5, PM6, and PM10 emission factors based on the mass and particle size analyses of EPA Method 17 total particulate filter and wash samples from four gins (6 total test runs) were 0.00024 kg/227-kg bale (0.00052 lb/500-lb bale), 0.0026 kg/bale (0.0057 lb/bale), and 0.0048 kg/bale (0.010 lb/bale), respectively. The 2nd stage lint cleaning system particle size distributions were characterized by an average mass median diameter of 29.8 µm (aerodynamic equivalent diameter). Based on system average emission factors, the ratio of PM2.5 to total particulate was 1.04%, PM6 to total particulate was 11.4%, and PM10 to total particulate was 20.9%.