STAPLE-APPLIED HERBICIDE SYSTEMS FOR GEORGIA COTTON

J.S. Richburg III, J.W. Wilcut, and G.G. Hammes

ABSTRACT

Research conducted in 1992 in Plains and Tifton, Georgia evaluated soil- applied preemergence (PRE) Staple systems for weed control efficacy and cotton yield. Weed species evaluated included Florida beggarweed (Desmodium tortuosum), Ipomoea morningglories, prickly sida (Sida spinosa), and sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia). All plots received a preplant incorporated (PPI) treatment of Treflan at 0.75 lb ai/ac. All other herbicide applications were made PRE. Staple was applied alone at 0.031, 0.047, 0.063, and 0. 125 lb ai/ac. Cotoran was applied at 1.5 lb ai/ac in a factorial arrangement with Staple at 0.000, 0.031, and 0.047 lb/ac. Karmex was applied at 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0 lb ai/ac in a factorial arrangement with Staple at 0.000, 0.031, and 0.047 lb/ac. Zorial was applied at 1.5 lb ai/ac and in a factorial arrangement with Staple at 0.000, 0.031, 0.047, and 0.063 lb/ac. Cotoran at 1.5 + Zofial at 1.5 lb/ac and Treflan alone PPI were included for comparative purposes.

Staple at all rates provided excellent ($ 99 %) prickly sida control. Cotoran, Zorial, Cotoran + Zorial, and Karmex gave 69, 98, 97 and (#39%) prickly sida control, respectively. Staple at 0.031, 0.047, 0.063 and 0.125 lb/ac controlled Florida beggarweed 55, 39, 69, and 94%, respectively. However, Staple at 0.031 or 0.047 lb/ac plus either Cotoran, Karmex at 0.50 lb/ac, or Zorial controlled Florida beggarweed at least 92%. Cotoran, and Karmex at 1.0 lb/ac controlled Florida beggarweed 100%. Staple at 0.063 lb/ac controlled Ipomoea morningglories 91 % at Tifton, but control was #59 % at Plains. This lower control at Plains can be explained by Staple's effectiveness on entireleaf (Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula) and ivyleaf (Ipomoea hederacea) morningglories which were the predominant species at Tifton and poor control from Staple of tall morningglory (Ipomoea purpurea) which was the predominate specie at Plains. Cotoran, Zorial, and Cotoran + Zorial gave #66% Ipomoea morningglory control at Plains. Kannex gave #42% Ipomoea morningglory control at Plains, but 100% control with 1.0 lb/ac at Tifton. Staple did not effectively control sicklepod. However, Staple at 0.031 lb/ac + Cotoran, Staple at 0.063 lb/ac + Zorial, or Staple at 0.063 lb/ac + Kannex at 1.0 lb/ac provided sicklepod control which was statistically equal to Cotoran + Zorial (80%). Zorial controlled Florida beggarweed and sicklepod 64 and 46%, respectively.

Each experiment was planted into a dry seed bed and irrigated up with 1 inch of water. Crop injury was minimal (#7%) with all treatments. There was no significant increase in crop injury with any tank mixture.

All treatments yielded higher than Treflan alone (520 lb/ac). Seed cotton yields from Staple alone at 0.031 lb/ac were 880 lb/ac and increased to 1600 lb/ac with Staple alone at 0. 125 lb/ac. Cotoran, Zorial, and Cotoran + Zorial treatments yielded 1580, 1160, and 1760 lb/ac, respectively. Yields from Karmex alone at 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 lb/ac were 1180, 1430, and 1580 lb/ac, respectively. Staple at 0.047 lb/ac + Cotoran yielded 1940 lb/ac which was higher than any yield from Staple or Cotoran applied alone. The two highest yielding treatments were Staple at 0.047 or 0.063 lb/ac + Zorial, which yielded 1970 and 1990 lb/ac, respectively. Staple at 0.031 or 0.047 plus Karmex at 1.0 lb/ac yielded the highest (1630 and 1730 lb/ac, respectively) for the Staple + Karmex combinations. In general, the highest yields were obtained from Staple at 0.047 lb/ac in combination with either Cotoran, Karmex at 1.0 lb/ac, or Zorial.





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Document last modified July 8, 2004