Flame cultivation is the practice of killing unwanted weeds by burning them with fire fueled by liquid propane jet burners attached to cultivator shanks or layby skids. Used in a variety of different row crops, flaming is particularly effective in cotton since the cotton plant's stem is shielded from the flame by a protective bark coating. A small number of Mid-South producers utilized flame cultivation in 1992 with favorable results, particularly targeting climbing vines like morningglory.