Progress toward the development of a spatially-referenced boll weevil management program is reported. GIS provides detailed information on boll weevil populations with respect to location and spatial extent of cotton crops and alternate vegetative habitats. Mechanistic cotton crop and boll weevil simulation models when coupled to spatially-referenced data provide detailed information on the interaction between the weevil population and the cotton crop at a field and regional level for a range of potential and existing management strategies. This approach will provide objectively-based criteria with which to optimize the management of the boll weevil over wide geographic regions. Annual benefits from adoption of this program across the Rolling Plains and High Plains of Texas are anticipated to exceed $14 million when fully implemented in a suppression mode. When implemented as part of the proposed Texas boll weevil eradication program, annual benefits are anticipated to exceed this level by an order of magnitude.