Resistance Selection to Heliothis Virescens Fabricius with Cypermethrin High-CIS, Profenofos and the Mixture Cypermethrin High-CIS plus Profenofos (1:10), under Laboratory Conditions

F. Rendon, G. Alvarez, and Y. Mosos


 
ABSTRACT

The resistance of Heliothis spp. to insecticides is fully documented in Colombia and in other countries (Adkinson 1964, Nemec and Adkinson 1969, Wolfenbarger et al. 1973, Gunning et al. 1984, Rendon et al. 1977, Rendon et al. 1988). Regarding this serious problem, today increased because of the absence of other new chemical alternatives like those of the past, strategies of management have been developed, tending to prevent, retard or learn to manage resistance.

In this way, a strategy was designed in Australia, in which the number of pyrethroid applications was reduced to three, targeting only one generation of H. virescens during the season (Forrester 1984, Forrester and Hiel 1987).

In Colombia management proposals have been made, but in practice the proposed objectives haven't been reached (Anonimo 1988, Alvarez y Rendon 1990). Plapp (1991), considers that a management resistance program for Heliothis spp. should be based on a reduction of the insecticide dependence (less selection pressure) which implies an adequate aeronomical focus (short vegetative period, irrigation and fertilization management, etc.) and the use of recommended doses of insecticides according to established thresholds which permit maintenance of the population at economic levels. To manage resistance it is necessary to establish the mechanisms present in the correct monitoring technique. The biological cost of the resistance for the insects must also be found, because without knowing this cost, no resistance management could be possible.

In addition, Plapp considers that the management strategy should include the rotation of insecticides with different modes of action and the avoidance of mixtures, especially when the resistance problem already exists in the field.

However, in a recent work, Kostroun and Plapp (1992) found, in field and laboratory tests, that the mixture profenofos plus cyhalothrin in low rates could reduce the selection pressure over H. virescens without loss of efficacy.



Reprinted from 1993 Proceedings Beltwide Cotton Conferences pp. 795 - 797
©National Cotton Council, Memphis TN

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Document last modified Sunday, Dec 6 1998