A spray nozzle is the final link in the transfer of a pesticide from its initial manufacture or formulation to the pest target. As such, it is the most important link. The chemistry; the equipment design; the advertising and promotion the research an field trials; the label and instructions; all depend on spray nozzles ability to disperse the chemical uniformly and to deliver a lethal dose effectively and efficiently to the pest target. The modern day spray tip, however, has not been improved since spray applications were first conceiver as a commercially acceptable transfer system. The nozzle we are using today is essentially the same nozzle that we used 40 years ago.

Because of the wide spectrum of droplet sizes produced by a conventional nozzle, it has long been recognized, that it is a very inefficient transfer system (Bala, 1970) (Heatli, 1969). This variation in droplet sizes, accounts for the drift and chemical waste characteristic of conventional nozzles.