Plants and microbes genetically modified to be tolerant of plant diseases, insect pests and herbicides are in development by industry and academia. These products of biotechnology and genetic engineering will have a significant impact on modern agriculture. They are not, however, a panacea for the control of these pests. Nor will they replace traditional pest control tactics such as chemical pesticides and classical biological control agents. Instead, the products of biotechnology represent new options to be implemented with existing pest management practices. Therefore, to maximize their effectiveness, strategies for their implementation within existing pest management practices must be developed. To this end, several strategies for the use of genetically modified plants and microbes in integrated pest management will be discussed.