Cotton seed having the inherent traits of germination, resistance to seed-seedling pathogens, and the ability to produce healthy seed lings when planted early in the season under cool, moist conditions are essential for efficient cotton production. A uniform stand of healthy, vigorous seedlings is the foundation of cotton production. Seed and seedling diseases are the main cause of poor final stands, and usually result in yield losses. Substantial improvement in resistance to the seed seedling pathogens and traits contributing to stand establishment and vigor has been achieved in modern cotton cultivars.