Effects of Root-Knot Nematodes Alone and in Combination with Fungi on Cotton Seedling Disease

Raymond L. Shepherd


 
ABSTRACT

Case IH has established the most stringent design goals in company history to build unprecedented reliability into its new 7100 Series tractors, called the Magnum line.

The Magnum line of two wheel drive tractors includes Model 7100 at 130 PTO horsepower, Model 7120 at 150 horsepower, Model 7130 at 170 PTO horsepower and Model 7140 at 195 PTO horsepower. Mechanical front drive (MFD)is optional.

After the 1985 merger of J I Case and International Harvester, the new Case IH organization set out to develop a series of large agricultural tractors with a combination of engineering talent never assembled before in this industry. These tractors have a new diesel engine, a full powershift transmission, a totally new cab and an innovative electronic draft control system. |1988||cotton disease council EFFECTS OF ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES ALONE AND IN COMBINATION WITH FUNGI ON COTTON SEEDLING DISEASE

Root-knot nematodes [Meloidogyne incognita.(Kofoid White) Chitwood] have been reported to increase the incidence of cotton seedling diseases. Fungi that interact synergistically with these nematodes include Fusarium oxysporum Schlect f. vasinfectum [(Ack.) Synd. & Hans.], Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, Pythium debaryanum Hesse, Alternaria tenius Auct., Thielaviopsis basicola (Berk. Br.) Ferraris, and Clomerella gossypii Edg. Effects of the root-knot nematodes that probably play a major role in predisposing cotton plants to other pathogens include: (1) causing root splitting, (2) inducing plant roots to produce galls and giant cells and (3) inducing general stunting and debilitation of the plants. Elimination of root-knot nematodes in fields not only would eliminate the nematode effects on plants but also would eliminate the synergistic interactions with other pathogens. The most desirable method of controlling root-knot nematodes in fields would be by using cultivars with high resistance. Although no commercial cultivars with high resistance are presently available, breeding stocks with high resistance have been developed. A resistant stock reduced root-knot populations in soils to low levels and, thus, provided residual beneficial effects on susceptible cotton and soybeans that followed it in a rotation. The potential for developing resistant cultivars by using these resistant breeding stocks as sources of resistance is great. Resistant cultivars would eliminate the need for nematicides in areas where root-knot nematodes are the major nematode problem and would eliminate or greatly reduce economic losses by these nematodes.



Reprinted from 1988 Proceedings: Beltwide Cotton Production Research Conferences pg. 14
©National Cotton Council, Memphis TN

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Document last modified Sunday, Dec 6 1998