ABSTRACT

Mexico as the center of origin and genetic diversity of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) has a great diversity of wild diploid species. However, there is no National Cotton Germplasm Resource Nursery in Mexico to guarantee the preservation and investigation of this natural resource, which was used and conserved by the nature inhabitants since prehispanic times. Several expeditions were done for collection and conservation of the genetic cotton resource of Mexico by Mexican explorers as well as explorers from other countries. Unfortunately, none of the collected samples from these expeditions have been used fully for conservation and/or crop improvement. Since it is considered that the success of the genetics, cytogenetics and taxonomical studies, as well as the success of the programs of genetic improvement, depend in a large part on the readiness of the germplasm variability, it is important that a permanent genetic nursery be established. The objectives of this project are to collect, conserve, and document endemic species and races of Gossypium found in Mexico as well as introduce species and races of the genus Gossypium that can be found in other countries, and establish a field Cotton Germplasm Resource Nursery, which will be unique in the world. This nursery will be located at Iguala, Guerrero, Experimental Station. The cotton nursery will be established on approximately one hectare where all genetic material from collections carried out in several States of the Mexican Republic will be planted. The necessary information for the characterization of all the established genotypes is going to be collected for use by cotton researchers and institutions that carry out investigation of these species. Scientists from the USA (USDA-ARS and Univ. of Arkansas) have been and still are collaborating and supporting this new cotton nursery, and we would like to invite any other interested parties to this effort.