The current study was initiated to widen the genetic base of Egyptian cotton and to develop a practical foundation for breeding high lint- yielding and early mature cottons (Gossypium barbadense). For this purpose a factorial mating design II was used to study genodiversity among and between three populations viz. parents, F1's, and F2's. Five accessions of American Pima cottons (males) tested as a source of genes for improving earliness and productivity of adapted Egyptian cottons. They were mated with twelve lines of Egyptian cottons. The large number of Egyptian parents is justified because the behavior of these adapted Egyptian cultivars has not been previously studied when mated to Pima cottons in such a breeding program. The resultant sixty families (each consisting of an F1, a derived F2, and the original parents) were planted in a randomized Complete Block Design using a split plot arrangement of treatments with families as main plots and generations as split plots. Data showed that the additive gene action was greater than dominance gene action for yield and earliness characters studied. Over all bases, the cultivars G89, G85, G83, and Dandera among female parents were found to be good combiners. Among male parents P7 and P6 are the best combiners. The implications of the results in cotton breeding are discussed.