Reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus renifomis) has rapidly developed into a major nematode pest of cotton during the last decade. Eleven of the 16 states that produce cotton have some acreage infested with this nematode. Mississippi and Louisiana have reported the highest incidence of reniform nematode with approximately 700,000 and 510,000 acres, respectively, for each state. Reniform nematode may cause considerable yield loss with reports as high as 40-60%. Nematicides, variety selection, and crop rotation are important in managing this pest. If the reniform nematode continues to spread at the same rates experienced during the 1980s and early 1990s, a high percentage of acreage in the mid-south and southeast regions will be infested.