Genotypic Stability for Yield and Fiber Quality of Advanced MAR Cottons

P. Thaxon, K. El-Zik, and S. El-Shaarawy


 
ABSTRACT

The main goal of the multi-adversity resistance (MAR) program is to develop cotton cultivars/germplasm with high yielding ability and improved fiber quality. Stability of cultivars for yield and fiber quality over locations and years is critical for profitable cotton production. Mean performance for lint yield and fiber quality traits of 17 MAR strains and cultivars were evaluated at four locations over a 2-year period. The 17 genotypes included 12 advanced MAR strains: MAR5PD208S-4-90, CABHGD3BCS-1-91, CD3HGCBC8S-1-91, CD3PIHP45H-2-89, CBD3HGDPIH-1-91, CD3HGUP26H-1-91, CBD3CDULBH-2-91, CD3HGCBU8H-1-91, CD3HGCBU8H-1-91, CABU2HGC8H-2-91, CDULBHG23H-2-91, CBD3CUBPIH-2-91. Four cultivars were from the MAR gene pools: Tamcot SP37 (MAR-1), Tamcot CAMD-E (MAR-2), Tamcot CAB-CS (MAR-4), Tamcot HQ95 (MAR-5), and Deltapine 50 was the non-MAR cultivar. Genotypic stability level for each genotype and trait was determined over environments utilizing the method outlined by Tai. The statistical model for the combined analysis was a mixed model with fixed genotype effects and random replicate and environmental effects. Two stability parameters ( (i )and (i)) were estimated for each genotype. The genotypes varied for the estimated (i) while the estimated (i) did not differ from zero. Mean performance for yield and yield components and fiber quality traits differed significantly among the genotypes over locations and years. The genotypes exhibited different degrees of genotypic stability. Six genotypes were stable for both yield and fiber quality traits. Strain CBD3CUBPIH-1-91 showed the highest genotypic stability over environments, having above average stability for lint yield and lint percentage, and average stability for fiber strength, elongation and micronaire. By contrast, CDULBHG23H-2-91 was average in genotypic stability for fiber quality traits, but below average for yield. Genotypes that were stable for yield and some of the fiber quality traits were CD3HGUP26H-1-91, CD3HGCBU8H-1-91 and Tamcot HQ95. Genotypes MAR5PD208S-4-90, CBD3HGDPIH-1-91 and Tamcot CAMD-E showed genotypic stability to at least two of the five fiber traits but not for yield. This method should be useful in cotton breeding programs and in cultivar/strain testing to identify high yielding and stable genotypes with the desired fiber attributes.



Reprinted from 1995 Proceedings Beltwide Cotton Conference pg. 500
©National Cotton Council, Memphis TN

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Document last modified Sunday, Dec 6 1998