Improvements in the boll weevil pheromone trap design, in pheromone dispensers, and in interpretation of trap captures have all contributed to increasing the usefulness of trap captures for decision making in both local and areawide management programs. At least five states have established treatment thresholds for the application of insecticides for overwintered boll weevil control in local management programs based on pheromone trap captures. Two to five boll weevils captured per trap over a specific period of time prior to the pinhead square stage is used for the treatment threshold. The managers of the Southeastern Boll Weevil Eradication Program have established treatment thresholds based on trap captures for the application of insecticides and insect growth regulators in an areawide management program with an eradication objective. The treatment threshold varies considerably depending on the time of year and the desired result. Pheromone trap captures have also proved to the useful in the Southeastern Boll Weevil Eradication Program for assessing the effects of various suppression technologies on boll weevil populations and in describing boll weevil populations over large areas.