Conservation tillage systems using a terminated wheat cover crop have gained increasing acceptance on the Southern Plains of Texas and in southwestern Oklahoma as a means to increase profitability of cotton production while reducing the potential for soil erosion. The terminated wheat-cotton system allows continuous cotton production while utilizing residue cover to provide a more desirable environment for growth and development of the cotton plant. When this conservation tillage system is used in conjunction with center-pivot irrigation, effective weed control can be achieved with chemigation of dinitroaniline herbicides, fertilizer can be efficiently applied throughout the growing season, and irrigation can be applied to germinate the crop. Cotton yields and net returns have been consistently higher with this conservation tillage system compared to conventional tillage production.