Root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne incognita, [(Kofoid & White)Chitwood] alone and/or in combination with Fusarium wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporium f. vasinfectum [(Atk.)Snyd. & Hans.] are a serious problem in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., production in many areas of the cotton belt-resistant cultivars would be, by far, the most satisfactory means of preventing damaging effects of these pests. This paper reports development of sources of exceptionally high root-knot and fusarium wilt resistance. By using these sources, progress has been made in developing root-knot and Fusarium wilt resistant cotton breeding stocks with agronomic characteristics comparable with those of commercial cultivars. These sources of resistance provide potential for developing highly resistant cultivars, which do not presently exist.