The effect of 30- vs- 40-inch row widths on cotton yield and quality were evaluated in replicated two acre plots and two adjacent large fields for two years. Lint cotton yields were increased by 14% for the 30-inch row spacing compared to 40-inch spacing. Bale grades were also increased at the narrower row spacing as a higher proportion of the total bales produced on the 30-inch spacing were classed in the better grades as compared with the 40-inch row spacing. Peyer analysis conducted on 1987 and 1988 bales produced on the two row spacings showed less short fiber associated with the narrower spacing. The uniformity ratios were also significantly higher for the 30-inch row spacing compared with the 40-inch spacing. The 30-inch row spacing improved bale quality when compared to the conventionally used 40-inch row spacing.