The adaptation of conservation tillage was revived In the late 1960's, but Intensive research with cotton did not begin until the mid 1980's. Although data available on cotton grown in conservation-tillage systems are relatively limited, there are sufficient data to Indicate that some form of conservation tillage will result in satisfactory yields on most Soils. On most soils in the Cotton Belt, however, strict no tillage is not always successful. The major problems with conservation tillage appear to be 1) selecting the best conservation-tillage system for a particular Soil, 2) weed control, and 3) mulch management. Insects and diseases do not appear to be more of a problem with conservation tillage than conventional tillage except with some types of mulches. It appears that more advances have been made In mulch management than In other problem areas. Most research, however, has been conducted In weed management, but due to site specific weed problems,it Is almost Impossible to prescribe a general weed control program that Is effective over a wide area.