Short season cotton production has generally required less inputs for insect control and had higher yields than conventionally grown cotton in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas. Producing cotton under short season crop management systems allows insects less opportunity to cause damage to the crop in the time alloted for said production. While insects have been in slightly higher numbers in some short season production situations, they did not result in any increase in insecticide usage compared to conventionally produced cotton. Insecticide use ranged from 0 to 24% less and yields ranged from 0 to 25% greater in short season system fields compared to long-season fields.