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Glyphomax with Various Adjuvants Over-The-Top in Roundup Ready Cotton: Crop Safety and Yield

J. Breen, R.B. Lassiter, V. Langston, B. Braxton, J.L. Barrentine, A.S. Culpepper, C. Guy, R.M. Hayes, W. Keeling, J.A. Kendig, D.K. Miller and D.B. Reynolds


ABSTRACT

To determine the safety to cotton of various adjuvants tank mixed with Glyphomax herbicide, which requires such adjuvants, field trials were conducted at eight locations across the Cotton Belt. Varieties used included PM1218BR, ST4892BR, SG501BR and PM2280BR, all glyphosate tolerant varieties. Best production and pest management practices were employed. Treatments focused on the type and amount of recommended adjuvants used in tank mixture with Glyphomax herbicide (4 lbs. isopropylamine salt of glyphosate / gallon). Each treatment included two applications of a glyphosate/adjuvant mixture over-the-top (OTT) before the cotton 5th leaf stage and 1-2 post-directed applications between the 5th and 9th leaf stages. Glyphomax was applied at 1 quart / acre in tank mix combinations of nonionic surfactants and water conditioners. Adjuvants used included LI-700, Choice, Optima, AG-98, R-11, Surf Aid, Induce, X-77, Activator 90, ammonium sulfate and Quest. The adjuvants were tested at their recommended label rate, and at 2X this rate. One treatment included an off-label, over-the- top late application at the 8-9 LF stage of cotton. Cotton safety from the comparison treatments Glyphomax Plus and Roundup Ultra was excellent, and mean peak injury across locations was 2% and 3% for the two treatments, respectively. Glyphomax herbicide tank mixed with LI-700 and Choice showed excellent visual crop safety. The adjuvants Optima and AG-98 caused transient injury greater than the comparison treatments at 1-2 locations. However, no adjuvant at its label rate in tank mixture with Glyphomax reduced seed cotton yield compared to Glyphomax Plus or Roundup Ultra at any location. Glyphomax Plus and Roundup Ultra were not significantly different from each other in yield at any location, with mean seed cotton yields across locations of 2817 and 2799 lbs. / acre, respectively. In contrast, a late, off-label glyphosate application at the 8-9 cotton LF stage showed significantly reduced yield at 6 of 10 locations. There was no evidence to suggest that the adjuvants tested cannot be used safely in RR cotton at their label rates. Moreover, late application of glyphosate was clearly much more risky to RR cotton yield than misapplication of nonionic surfactants or water conditioners.





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Document last modified May 20, 2002