The Texas Boll Weevil Eradication Foundation has operated a boll weevil eradication program in the Southern Rolling Plains of Texas since the fall of 1994. In 2000, this region became the first area in Texas to achieve the designation of “functionally eradicated.” This paper uses historical cotton price data and estimates of boll weevil induced yield losses and treatment costs to assess the economic implications of the boll weevil eradication program to Southern Rolling Plains cotton producers. Only direct grower benefits and costs are considered in this analysis. The benefit cost ratio suggests direct grower benefits to date provided $1.45 of benefits for every $1 expended by the producer.