There were 10,772,500 acres of U.S. Cotton (Upland and Pima) harvested in 1998 with an average yield of 618 pounds of lint per acre (USDA - January 11 report). Arthropod pests of cotton reduced yield by 7.98% in 1998. The bollworm was the predominant species to attack cotton in 1998 and was estimated at 70% of the population. Boll weevil is still a pest on 55% of our U.S. acreage and was the second most damaging pest at 2.30% loss. Lygus (1.04%), thrips (0.352%), and aphids (0.333%) rounded out the top five cotton insect pests for the year. Beltwide, direct insect management costs amounted to $63.08 per acre and losses were $51.20. Cost plus loss is estimated at $1.224 billion. (See M. R. Williams, this proceedings.)