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Evaluation of Chemical and Physical Means of Removing Late-Season Cotton Fruit to Improve Yields and Control Boll Weevils

R.S. Brown, D.M. Oosterhuis and F.M. Bourland


 
ABSTRACT

Increasing yields in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is an ongoing concern for many researchers. It has been shown that removal of upper-canopy squares at nodes above white flower five plus 350 heat units (NAWF=5 + 350 H.U.) may actually divert carbohydrates to developing bolls with a yield advantage. This study evaluated different chemical and physical methods of removing upper-canopy late-season squares to potentially increase seedcotton yields and help control boll weevils (Anthonomus grandis) by removing the weevils late-season food supply. The research was performed in northeast and southeast Arkansas on two cultivars (DP 20B and NuCotn 33B), and included two planting dates (early and mid May). The treatments were: Prep (ethephon), Finish (cyclanalide), Cycocel (chlormequat), M-H 30 (maleic hydrazide), a mechanical topping treatment, and removal of squares by hand. Maleic Hydrazide and the defoliants Prep and Finish were the most successful chemicals at removing upper-canopy fruit. Boll weight at NAWF=5 was increased the most when squares above NAWF=5 were removed by hand, however, Prep and Cycocel also aided in increasing boll weight at NAWF=5. Seedcotton yields were the highest for the Prep, Finish and control treatments. This research could ultimately lead to higher yields and improved control of boll weevils.



Reprinted from Proceedings of the 1999 Beltwide Cotton Conferences pp. 561 - 564
©National Cotton Council, Memphis TN

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Document last modified Monday, Jun 21 1999