During preliminary studies to examine the potential for suppression of overwintering boll weevil populations by mass trapping, we took the opportunity to examine the effects of surrounding habitat on trap capture. A trapping system composed of 750 pheromone traps was arranged within a contiguous block of approximately 4,000 acres. Habitat types within this block varied from fallow land and improved pasture to maturing sugarcane and wooded resaca (oxbow lake). Habitat type influenced trap capture but the magnitude of these effects varied with the time of year. In general, traps placed adjacent to prominent vegetational features (wooded resaca, brushy canal banks, growing sugarcane) tended to capture more weevils than did traps in more sparsely vegetated surroundings (fallow land, pasture, or barren canal banks). These results suggest that the cost of conducting a mass trapping effort can be reduced by reducing the number of traps associated with habitats where weevil captures are typically very low. These results may also be useful in manipulating trap placement to improve detection capabilities of traps in other boll weevil management programs.