A number of producers are trying ultra-narrow-row (UNR) cotton in an effort to improve profits. The University of Tennessee is conducting research to assess the potential of UNR production systems for Tennessee. The UNR strategy has four components: production cost control, soil resource maintenance, lint yield enhancement, and fiber quality optimization. Research results since 1994 indicate that UNR cotton is compatible with no-till methods and can enhance lint yields in Tennessee. However, fiber quality of finger-stripped UNR cotton is reduced by leaf and bark fragments in the lint, relative to spindle-picked cotton, using current harvest equipment. An economic analysis is needed to determine the costs and benefits of UNR relative to conventional cotton.