Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for cotton. Soil testing and plant analysis are useful for monitoring the P fertility status of a cotton crop. Soil pH is the most important soil property controlling P availability. There is no set method for applying P fertilizer, although band applications can be advantageous in soils with high P fixation potential. Starter fertilizer with P often increases growth and vigor of cotton seedlings; however, yield responses are not predictable.