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Effect of Desiccation Treatments on Storage and Fiber Qualities in the Texas Coastal Bend

A.D. Brashears, R.L. Jahn, J.E. Bremer and T.D. Valco


 
ABSTRACT

Five combinations of harvest aid chemicals were evaluated in the Coastal Bend of Texas for their effectiveness in preparing the cotton for stripper harvest and the subsequent effect of storage on moisture, foreign matter and fiber properties. The treatments included an initial treatment of Ginstar (thidiazuron+diuron)(0.5 p/a) followed by a final treatment of Cyclone (paraquat) (1.5 p/a), an initial treatment of Harvade (dimethipin) plus a crop oil concentrate (0.5 p/a+1 p/a) followed by a final treatment of Cyclone, an initial treatment of Ginstar (thidiazuron+diuron) (0.5 p/a) with no second treatment, an initial treatment of of Harvade (dimethipin) plus a crop oil concentrate (0.5 p/a+1 p/a) with no second treatment, and no initial treatment but a single treatment of Cyclone (1.5 p/a) at the second treatment date. The cotton was harvested in 3 bale lots with a stripper harvester equipped with field cleaner. The cotton was stored in modules built with a 12 ft long module builder. Two modules were built for each treatment with one module being ginned immediately and the second module stored for 24 days. Only four of the treatments were harvested and stored in the module. The Harvade with no second treatment did not sufficiently defoliate the cotton therefore it was dropped from the test and not harvested. Ginstar followed by Cyclone was the only treatment that had seed cotton moisture less than 12%, the recommended safe storage level for modules. The other treatments were above 13% which could result in fiber detoriation . Total trash in seed cotton at the harvester was significantly less for the Ginstar followed by Cyclone and the Ginstar treatments. Harvade followed by Cyclone treatments had significantly more fine trash and the single application of Cyclone had significantly more sticks than the other treatments. The Ginstar followed by Cyclone treatment, the Ginstar treatment, and the single application of Cyclone had the highest number of samples with a color grade of 21 when ginned the day after harvest. The Ginstar followed by Cyclone treatment had the highest percentage of grades, 93%, with color grade 21 while Ginstar and the single application of Cyclone had only 7% and 14%, respectively, with a color grade of 21 when stored for 24 days. This was due to the high initial moisture content at time of harvest and the high foreign matter content which caused the lint to lose brightness and increase in yellowness. Loan values calculated for each of the treatments reflected problems encountered when storing the Ginstar and the single application of Cyclone treatments as their loan values were significantly less than the Ginstar followed by Cyclone and the Harvade followed by Cyclone treatments. This study indicates that the Ginstar followed by Cyclone treatment was the only treatment that could be stored in modules with minimum fiber quality loss. Ginstar and the single application of Cyclone could be used in this area if the cotton can be ginned soon after harvest.



Reprinted from Proceedings of the 1998 Beltwide Cotton Conferences pp. 434 - 437
©National Cotton Council, Memphis TN

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Document last modified Sunday, Dec 6 1998