Insecticides Guthion, Regent, Vydate, Phaser, Thiodan, Karate, Baythroid and Penncap-M were compared for boll weevil control, effect on non-target arthropods (pests and beneficials), and impact on cotton production. Eleven treatments, two of which were for overwintered boll weevils, of each material were applied in the season-long study. The insecticides generally caused an increase in aphid infestation (Karate and Baythroid were especially severe in this regard), caused additional beet armyworm damage and reduced beneficial arthropod numbers (50-86% for the season average). The insecticides reduced boll weevil damage and increased cotton lint yields (140-300 lb/acre). Except for Karate and Baythroid, a positive economic return was obtained. Positive economic returns ranged from $19.17 (Phaser) to $90.36 (Penncap-M) per acre.