The response of cotton to soil profile modification was compared to the response to traditional tillage practices during the 1994 crop season. A wide-bed controlled-traffic production system was used on Tunica clay soil. Traditional tillage treatments included 1) bed only, 2) disk and bed, 3) chisel and bed, and 4) subsoil and bed. Profile modification depths ranged from 0 to 30". Data collected during the study included plant population, plant height, Nodes Above White Flower (NAWF), vegetative biomass, boll biomass, yield, and lint quality. Results showed that plant height, plant mass, and seed cotton yield were significantly improved by profile modification.