Ground and were compared within a 2 x 2 x 3 factorial experiment on a commercial scale (200 A) at the Maricopa Agricultural Center Demonstration Farm. Whiteflies were effectively controlled in all treatments, but fewer applications were needed when the highest threshold (5 adults per leaf) was used. aerial insecticide application, two insecticide regimes, and three thresholds for applying the insecticides A chemical use regime which delayed pyrethroid use and maximized rotation of chemical classes required an average of 0.5 sprays more per season and resulted in delayed onset of insecticide resistance compared to a regime of pyrethroid-organophosphate mixtures only. By the end of the study, the susceptibility to pyrethroid mixtures was reduced regardless of the management strategy. Analyses of efficacy, resistance development, and economics of the contrasted practices is presented.