The Cool Germination Test is the most widely used measure of seed/seedling vigor to evaluate cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) planting-seed quality. Unfortunately, significant variation exists between laboratories that perform this test. A Southern Region V AOSA/SCST cool germination referee project was conducted in 1996 to explore variances that exist between seed-testing laboratories. Two samples (A and B) of cottonseed from commercial lots with varying vigor were sent to twenty-seven commercial, state, and independent seed-testing laboratories. Each participating laboratory was instructed to follow the suggested Cool Germination Test procedures for cotton in the AOSA Seed Vigor Testing Handbook. Data from twenty-one laboratories that responded indicated that significant variation existed. Sample A had average results ranging from 24% to 92% cool germination, with an average of 81%; sample B had average results ranging from 17% to 81% cool germination, with an average of 64%. Only nine responding laboratories were within acceptable germination tolerances on both samples. It appears that the most critical elements of this method are: 1) maintenance of constant 18ºC (64.4°F) ± 0.5ºC in testing portion of germination chamber for duration of test, and 2) type and moisture content of germination substrata. Before further consideration is given to labeling Cool Germination Test results in cotton, major improvements in standardization and uniformity of testing must occur. Another referee project that will focus on specific variables causing large variations is currently in progress.